Knights in Battle
BLUMENBERG ASSOCIATES LLC
Purveyors of Rare Historic Images to the Publishing Trade
- The European Middle Ages -
Internet Resources for the Study of Medieval War 1

War in the Middle Ages is a vast complex subject, that is impossible to summarize succinctly.
It is hoped that these resources provide an interesting starting point for organizing some
of the internet resources. Personal favorites unavoidably color the choice of links on these pages.
If one or more focal points capture your interest for further exploration, than these pages have
succeeded in their modest objectives. The 1911 edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica is widely
recognized as the finest English language encyclopedia ever published, and their links
are identified here. The material collated at De Re Militari is exceptional and wide use of their
resources has been made. Note that brief comments accompany some listings,
and will be visible when the mouse hovers over the link.



MEDIEVAL EUROPE - Print Galleries
Medieval Warfare 1
The Tournament
Crown & Royal Court 1
Crown & Royal Court 2
Death, Religion, the Church

Medieval War links . . MEDIEVAL WAR 2
MILITARY ORDERS, 1066, CRUSADES, 100 YEARS WAR
medieval war videos 1 . . MEDIEVAL WAR VIDEOS 1
WEAPONS & ARMOR, CASTLES & SIEGE,
KNIGHTS & TOURNAMENTS,
MILITARY ORDERS

. . MEDIEVAL WAR VIDEOS 2
1066, The CRUSADES
. . MEDIEVAL WAR VIDEOS 3
The HUNDRED YEARS WAR

OE lensOld English
OE, Anglosaxon links . . Old English - AngloSaxon
Anglosaxon & OE eBooks . Anglosaxon &
Early British History Books


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MEDIEVAL WAR


Norman Medieval Helmet
Norman Helmet

Bec De Corbin
Bec De Corbin

European Knights Halberd
Knights Halberd

Giant Medieval Crossbow 47 in Long
Medieval Crossbow

Lionheart Sword
Richard the Lionheart Sword

Richard the Lionheart Shield
Richard the Lionheart Shield

- MASTER RESOURCE PAGES -

Internet Medieval Sourcebook (ORB) - Fordham University
Websites for Medieval Military Historians - deremilitari.com.
Medieval Warfare (1) - comprehensive at Wikipedia . . . Medieval Warfare (2) - good overview.
Warfare of the Medieval Era - Wikipedia category page . . . Battles of the Medieval Era - Wikipedia category page


WEAPONS

List of Medieval Weapons . . . Shield and Weapon Weights . . . Arms and Armor Glossary
Antique Arms - excellent links page to dozens of online weapons collections.
Weapons Photo Gallery: swords, pikes, helmets, armor, early guns
- Armeria di Castel Sant 'Angelo / Vatican City Rome
Anglo-Saxon Weapon Names 1906 - Archeology and Etymology / complete book download, 6.0MB
Ewart Oakeshott's typology of the medieval sword . . . Arming Sword . . . Sword classification in detail
European Medieval Swords . . . Medieval Swords - Germanic Iron Age to 1450.
Development of the Sword - nice educational poster . . . Rondel
Arbalest . . . Crossbow . . . English longbow . . . Physics of Medieval Archery
Medieval and Renaissance Archers - links page.
Spear - Encyclopedia Britannica 1911 . . . Halberd - Encyclopedia Britannica 1911.
Pike . . . Pikeman - Folio 27 Reverso / Maciejowski Bible c.1250.

. Learn More - The English Longbow


ARMOR - CHAIN MAIL to FULL PLATE

History of Medieval Armor - Mail, Plate, Helmets . . . Arms and Armor link page - Costumer's Manifesto
Arms and Armor - Encyclopedia Britannica 1911. . . European Arms and Armor - good links page.
Historic Arms and Armor Collections - discussion forum. . . . Important Museum Armor Collections - links page.
Carolingian Arms and Armor in the 9th Century - research / pdf document
Metallurgy and Production of European Armor
Medieval Arms and Armor Page - armor and costumes from Charlemagne to Louis XIII, A. Racinet 1888.
Royal Armouries Museum, Leeds - spectacular color photos of magnificent suits of armor.
French Medieval Armor - plates from A. Racinet 1888.
Helmet - Encyclopedia Britannica 1911 . . . Helmets of the Middle Ages and Renaissance - nice educational poster
Full Body Plate Armor - diagram and terms . . . Manufacture of Full Plate Armor - nice educational poster
Cuirass - Encyclopedia Britannica 1911 . . . Horse Armor - nice educational poster
Imperial Mongols - Nomad Armament and Home Made Weaponry / research, pdf document.


CASTLES / SIEGES, FORTIFIED TOWNS and CITIES

Motte and Bailey Castles, Ringworks. . . Motte and Bailey
Castle Keep . . . Castle Walls . . . Portcullis . . . Battlements.
Castles - Encyclopedia Britannica 1911 . . . Medieval Castles . . . Medieval Fortification
Castle Building in Central Europe - the international background . . . / research, pdf document.
Catapults - 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica . . . Mangonel - Encyclopedia Britannica 1911 . . . Trebuchet
Trebuchet - Scientific American, July 1995 / excellent.
Byzantines, Avars and the Introduction of the Trebuchet
Byzantine Heavy Artillery - the Helepolis (cf Trebuchet) - research article / pdf document.
Siege . . . Sieges . . . Siege Engine
Medieval Mechanical Artillery . . . Medieval War Machines - demonstrations.
Siege Engines of the Middle Ages - Bricole, Couillard or Biffa, Trebuchet, Mangonel.
Balance Throwing Siege Engines - of the Middle Ages.
Demonstrations of Medieval War Machines - at historic Chateaux in France.
Medieval Siege Warfare - A Reconnaissance
Fortification and Siegecraft - 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica
Crusader Poliorcetics - the Art of Siege Warfare in the Middle Ages.
Castle Warfare during the Reign of English King Stephen - 1135-1154.
The Siege of Nottingham Castle - 1194 . . . Dover Castle and the Great Siege - 1216.
Oliver of Paderborn and his siege engine at Damietta (Egypt) - 1219 / Fifth Crusade
Byzantine Siege Warfare - research article / pdf document


Colchester Castle (England) . . . Recent Excavations at Norwich Castle - begun 1067/1068.
Castles in Wales 1 - Historical Essays & Perspectives . . . Castles in Wales 2
Norman Castles in Wales . . . Edward I's Castles in Wales
Beau Mareys (Beaumaris) Castle (Wales) - 1295 . . . Caernarfon Castle (Wales) - 1283-1292.
Rebuilding of the Templar Castle at Sephat - 1240.
Guédelon Castle- constructing a replica 13thc castle


KNIGHTS in BATTLE and in the TOURNAMENT

Knighthood, Chivalry & Tournament - Glossary of Terms.
The Norman Horse Bit . . . Secular and Religious Knights 1225-50 - saddle, bit, bridle and riding styles.
Training of Horses for Tournaments and Warfare - research / pdf document.
La Régle du Temple as a Military Manual - How to Deliver a Cavalry Charge.
Knights . . . Chivalry 1 . . . Chivalry 2 . . . Jousting 1 . . . Jousting 2
Courtly Love . . . Courtly Love in the Codex Manesse - Zurich, c.1350.
War and Chivalry in the 12th Century History of William Marshall
Knight Service - Encyclopedia Britannica 1911 . . . Knighthood - Encyclopedia Britannica 1911
Kingship & Knighthood in Medieval Sicily
Tournaments of the Middle Ages . . . The Tournament and Pageant - Encyclopedia Britannica 1911.
Tournaments - 11th to 17th century . . . Tournament brutality - the Melee
Heraldry - Origins, Rules and National Styles in the Middle Ages
Heraldry, Coats of Arms and Crests - past and present in England.


EARLY FIREARMS and the NEW WARFARE

The History of Gunpowder - excellent.
Ulrich Bretscher's Black Powder Page . . . Development of Gunpowder
Gunpowder Composition for Rockets and Cannon in Arabic Military Treatises -
In Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries / research, pdf document.
Gonne - the first handheld, portable firearm . . . The Two Oldest Handgonnes of Switzerland
Handgonnes and Matchlocks - a history of firearms to 1500.
Gunpowder Weapons of the 15th Century
Matchlock 1 . . . Matchlock 2 . . . Snaplock . . . Wheellock
Maitre Jehan de Montesiler and culverin (matchlock) - Siege of Orleans (1429).
Dukes of Burgandy - photos / crossbow, early guns / cannon
Double-Barreled Wheellock Pistol - Emperor Charles V, ca. 1540–1545
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - his life, armor and weapons.
The First Cannons. . . . Development of Cannon . . . Bombard [Heavy Cannon]
Fifteenth-Century Gunpowder Artillery - in museums . . . Fifteenth-Century Iron Bombards
Joan of Arc and Gunpowder Weapons - Siege of Orleans (1429).
Cannon and the Fall of Constantinople 1453
Warfare and Firearms in Fifteenth Century Morocco - 1400-1492.

Learn about the History of Gunpowder and early Gunpowder Weapons


Recommend a link for this page.




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